Oracle 12c RAC on Oracle VirtualBox
we look at a step by step installation process for setting up the Grid Infrastructure Software with a RAC database running on a VirtualBox using Linux Operating System.
Use an appropiate memory size.
Use the default to create new hard disk.
Leave the default VDI disk format.
Use “Dynamically allocated” disk.
Choose file location and size.
Click on “Create” disk.
Choose hardware to use with the virtual machines.
Confirm Network Settings for adapter 1.
Confirm Network Settings for adapter 2.
Click next to complete.
Choose Enterprise 6 from the Media to install.
Click to start.
Leave the default to install the OS.
Skip testing the media.
Click on Next.
Click on Next.
Choose the language and continue.
Use Basic storage.
Leave deafult. Ensure that the data at the location can be discarded.
Choose the hostname.
Confirm settings for eth0.
Confirm settings for eth0.
Confirm settings for eth0.
Confirm settings for eth0.
Confirm settings for eth1.
Confirm settings for eth1.
Confirm settings for eth1.
Choose locale.
Set new Password and confirm.
Choose the appropriate option.
Confirm creating disk partitions.
Choose basic server.
Pick the appropriate choices and continue.
Pick the appropriate choices and continue.
Pick the appropriate choices and continue.
Pick the appropriate choices and continue.
Starting installation process.
Click forward
Agree with license to continue installation
Register for Software updates later.
Confirm to register later
Finish updates setup.
Click on forward.
Confirm your date and time.
Leave the default and click on finish
Initial host configuration completed.
Step 2: Adjust /etc/hosts on both the nodes as below
Step 3: On both the nodes update “/etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf” and change
Step 4: Change the setting of SELinux to permissive by editing the “/etc/selinux/config” file, making sure the SELINUX flag is set as follows.
Step 5: If you have the Linux firewall enabled, you will need to disable or configure it
Step 6: Either configure NTP, or make sure it is not configured so the Oracle Cluster Time Synchronization Service (ctssd) can synchronize the times of the RAC nodes.
Step 7: Execute the all below steps as user root on both the nodes
Add the below at the end of file “/etc/security/limits.conf”Append the /etc/resolv.conf file on both nodes, as below
Create new groups for grid user and oracle user
Create the Grid user.
Step 8: Logging as grid user and edit .bash profile.
Create the oracle OS user.
Log in as Oracle user and edit .bash profile.
Step 8: Create Shared disks.
First shutdown both the nodes.
Go to virtualbox system settings>storage of node12c-vst-rac1 and add a fixed size harddisk
Select create new disk
Select VID and click Next
Select Fixed size and click next
Click on create
Click OK
Click File>Virtual Media Manager and select newly created disk
Click modify > shareable and Click OK
Go to virtualbox system settings>storage of node12c-vst-rac2 and add newly created shareable hard disk
Step 9: Configure oracleasm on both the nodes as root user.
Verify the shared disk /dev/sdb exist on both nodes using below commandCreate a new partition in /dev/sdb using the below option (this has to be done only on one node.
Verify the new partition /dev/sdb1 on both the nodes using the below command.
Run oracleasm createdisk vstsharedisk /dev/sdb1 on node1 (12c-vst-rac1)
Execute the below steps on node 2 (12c-vst-rac2) to scan and list newly created oracleasm disk
Skip Oracle software updates.
Choose to configure Standard cluster.
Choose typical installation and continue.
Proceed with typical installation.
Add/confirm the cluster nodes.
Click on next.
Oracle checking SSH connectivity between all nodes.
Press ok to continue.
Verify network interfaces.
Provide/confirm SCAN name.
Type in the passwords.
Provide ASM disk discovery paths.
View disks available and confirm.
Provide/confirm inventory location.
Click on next.
Pre-verification in progress.
Resolve or skip and issues discovered.
Confirm and continue.
Click on install.
Installation in progress.
Installation almost completed. Run the root and orainsRoot scripts.
Run the above scripts in the mentioned order.
Final installaton steps in progress.
Grid Infrastructure installation completed! Moving to database software installation.
Launch runInstaller.
Choose appropriately and click on next.
Confirm choice and continue.
Skip software updates.
Choose install database software only.
Choose RAC database installation.
SSH connectivity check in progress.
SSH Verification completed.
Choose the appropriate language.
Pick the appropriate database edition.
Confirm Software install location.
Verify user and groups then click on next.
Prerequisite check in progress.
Prerequisite check completed.
Installation Database Software.
Copy and run root.sh script as root user.
Database software installation completed! Moving to executing DBCA.
Launch the dbca binary.
Provide/confirm the directory and other information.
Pre-requisite check in progress.
Pre-requisite check completed.
Datababase creation summary. Click on finish.
Database creation in progress.
Database creation in progress.
Note the database details.
Installation completed!
Download Software
Download the following Software.
– Oracle Linux 6
– VirtualBox for Window hosts
– Oracle Database 12c Release 1 – Linux x86-64
– VirtualBox for Window hosts
– Oracle Database 12c Release 1 – Linux x86-64
Oracle VirtualBox Installation
Run the VirtualBox-4.2.16-86992-Win.exe and complete the VirtualBox installation.
Oracle VirtualBox Setup
Create a new Virtual machine.
Name the machine and choose the Linux OS.
Use “Dynamically allocated” disk.
Oracle Linux 6 OS Installation
Setup Network Interface on Virtualhost
Setup eth0 and eth1.
Agree with license to continue installation
Confirm to register later
Oracle Grid infrastructure Prerequisites
Step 1: Verify oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-7.el6.x86_64 rpm on both the nodes
[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# rpm -qa | grep 11g
oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-7.el6.x86_64[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
###########Public ips############################################
10.0.0.121 12c-vst-rac1.vitalsofttech.com 12c-vst-rac1
10.0.0.122 12c-vst-rac2.vitalsofttech.com 12c-vst-rac2
###########Private ips############################################
192.168.0.121 12c-vst-rac1-priv.vitalsofttech.com 12c-vst-rac1-priv
192.168.0.122 12c-vst-rac2-priv.vitalsofttech.com 12c-vst-rac2-priv
###########Virtual ips############################################
10.0.0.123 12c-vst-rac1-vip.vitalsofttech.com 12c-vst-rac1-vip
10.0.0.124 12c-vst-rac2-vip.vitalsofttech.com 12c-vst-rac2-vip
###########scan ips############################################
10.0.0.125 vstracdb-scan.vitalsofttech.com vstracdb-scan[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.d/90-nproc.conf
# Default limit for number of user's processes to prevent
# accidental fork bombs.
# See rhbz #432903 for reasoning.
* - nproc 16384
root soft nproc unlimitedSELINUX=permissive# service iptables stop
# chkconfig iptables off# service ntpd stop
Shutting down ntpd: [ OK ] # chkconfig ntpd off
# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.orig
# rm /var/run/ntpd.pid
Note: we would be installing grid infrastructure with grid user and oracle software with oracle user
Step 7: Execute the all below steps as user root on both the nodes
Add the below at the end of file “/etc/security/limits.conf”
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft stack 10240
grid hard stack 32768[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
search localdomain[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# service dnsmasq restart
Starting dnsmasq: [ OK ]
Delete the existing oracle user and groups created by the OS.
userdel oracle
rm -rf /home/oracle
rm -rf /var/mail/oracle
groupdel oinstall
groupdel dbagroupadd -g 1000 oinstall
groupadd -g 1010 dba
groupadd -g 1020 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1030 asmdbaCreate the Grid user.
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/12.1.0/grid ####{grid-home}
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid ######{grid-base}
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
passwd gridStep 8: Logging as grid user and edit .bash profile.
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibNote: use ORACLE_SID as per the node for 1st node use +ASM1 and for 2nd node use +ASM2 in .bash_profileuseradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0 ######(oracle home)
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle #### (oracle base)
chmod -R 775 /u01
passwd oracleLog in as Oracle user and edit .bash profile.
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0
export ORACLE_SID=vstracdb1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
Note:use ORACLE_SID as per the node for 1st node use vstracdb1 and for 2nd node use vstracdb2 in .bash_profile
[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# oracleasm init
Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasm
Loading module "oracleasm": oracleasm
Configuring "oracleasm" to use device physical block size
Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasmVerify the shared disk /dev/sdb exist on both nodes using below command
[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 4260 MB, 4260364288 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 517 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd763cd1b.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Warning: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-517, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-517, default 517):
Using default value 517
Command (m for help): w
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-517, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-517, default 517):
Using default value 517
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdbDisk /dev/sdb: 9663 MB, 9663676416 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1174 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x9590bc78
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 1174 9430123+ 83 Linux[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# oracleasm createdisk vstsharedisk /dev/sdb1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@ol6-12c-vst-rac1 ~]# oracleasm scandisks
Reloading disk partitions: done
Cleaning any stale ASM disks...
Scanning system for ASM disks...[root@ol6-12c-vst-rac1 ~]# oracleasm listdisks
VSTSHAREDISKExecute the below steps on node 2 (12c-vst-rac2) to scan and list newly created oracleasm disk
[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# oracleasm init
Creating /dev/oracleasm mount point: /dev/oracleasm
Loading module "oracleasm": oracleasm
Configuring "oracleasm" to use device physical block size
Mounting ASMlib driver filesystem: /dev/oracleasm[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# oracleasm scandisks
Reloading disk partitions: done
Cleaning any stale ASM disks...
Scanning system for ASM disks...
Instantiating disk "VSTSHAREDISK"[root@12c-vst-rac2 ~]# oracleasm listdisks
VSTSHAREDISK
Note : copied the Oracle grid Infrastructure and oracle database software to / Software directory.
Grid Infrastructure Installation
Install the following package from the Oracle grid media as the root user on both the nodes.
[root@12c-vst-rac1 rpm]# cd /softwares/grid/rpm
[root@12c-vst-rac1 rpm]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%] Using default group oinstall to install package
1:cvuqdisk ########################################### [100%]/softwares/grid/rpm
login as grid user on node1 and perform the following step
[grid@ol6-12c-vst-rac1 ~]$ cd /softwares/grid/
[grid@ol6-12c-vst-rac1 grid]$ ls
install rpm runInstaller stage
response runcluvfy.sh sshsetup welcome.html[grid@ol6-12c-vst-rac1 grid]$ ./runInstallerSkip Oracle software updates.
Verify network interfaces.
Pre-verification in progress.
[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.[root@12c-vst-rac1 ~]# /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 12c
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/12.1.0/grid
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
2013/07/07 11:08:07 CLSRSC-363: User ignored prerequisites during installation[grid@12c-vst-rac1 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name Target State Server State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE ora.DATA.dg
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac2 STABLE ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac2 STABLE ora.asm
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 Started,STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac2 Started,STABLE ora.net1.network
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac2 STABLE ora.ons
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE
ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac2 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.12c-vst-rac1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE ora.12c-vst-rac2.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac2 STABLE ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1 ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE ora.cvu
1 ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE ora.oc4j
1 OFFLINE OFFLINE STABLE ora.scan1.vip
1 ONLINE ONLINE 12c-vst-rac1 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle 12c RAC Installation
Database Software Installation
Go to the runInstaller directory location.
cd /softwares/database/runInstallerLaunch runInstaller.
Note the database details.
Installation completed!
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