Drop Down MenusCSS Drop Down MenuPure CSS Dropdown Menu

PostgreSQL Languages


1.DDL-Data Definition Language, which is used to create and modify the structure of database objects in database.
It's a auto commit. automatically saved when you create,alter,drop,truncate,comment,rename commands issued
ALTER – alters the structure of the existing database
CREATE – to create database and its objects like (table, index, views, store procedure, function and triggers)
DROP – delete objects from the database(Delete "data+metadata")
TRUNCATE – remove all records from a table, including all spaces allocated for the records are removed(Delete "data only performance is faster than delete")
COMMENT – add comments to the data dictionary
RENAME – rename an object

2.DML-Data Manipulation Language. which is used to store, modify, delete, insert and update data in database.
It's not a autocommit.it will save when u issue commit commands
INSERT – insert data into a table
UPDATE – updates existing data within a table
DELETE – Delete all records from a database table
MERGE – UPSERT operation (insert or update)
CALL – call a PL/SQL or Java subprogram
EXPLAIN PLAN – interpretation of the data access path
LOCK TABLE – concurrency Control

3.DRL-Data retrieval language. which is used to retrieve data from database
It's not a autocommit.it will save when u issue commit commands
SELECT - Retrieves data from a table

4.DCL-Data Control Language. which is used to create roles, permissions, and referential integrity as well it is used to control access to database by securing it.
It's not a autocommit.it will save when u issue commit commands
GRANT – Gives user’s access privileges to database
REVOKE – Withdraws user’s access privileges to database given with the GRANT command

5.TCL - Transaction Control Language. which dis used to manage different transactions occurring within a database.
It's not a autocommit.it will save when u issue commit commands
COMMIT – Saves work done in transactions
ROLLBACK – Restores database to original state since the last COMMIT command in transactions
SAVEPOINT – to rollback the transaction making points within groups
SET TRANSACTION – specify characteristics for the transaction


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

2017 Shortern URL - Other Website Like ADFOC.US

Image
These are the lists of top paying url shortening websites that are similar to Adfoc.us or Shrink url Websites like Adfoc.us. The websites are similar in the sense that you can use the same pattern of registration and earnings for all them, but the only difference is the amount of money each pays to its members and also the percentage of earnings from their referral programs. 1. ADF.LY – Free Url Shortening similar to adfocus that will pay you $4 for 1000 clicks on your shorten url. You can Also refer your friends and earn 20% of their earnings for life. Their payment is quick and consistant. Paypal Or Alertpay. It’s legit and very popular. JOIN  HERE It’s legit and very popular. JOIN  HERE Payment Options Details :- Payout for 1000 Views: Upto $9 Minimum Payout: $5 Referral Commission: 20% Payment Options:Payoneer, Payza Payment Time : Daily and On Request You can Withdraw money Following Acc
Read more

How to Repair Corrupt database postgresql

I love broken Postgres. Really. Well, not nearly as much as I love the usual working Postgres, but it's still a fantastic learning opportunity. A crash can expose a slice of the inner workings you wouldn't normally see in any typical case. And, assuming you have the resources to poke at it, that can provide some valuable insight without lots and lots of studying internals (still on my TODO list.) As a member of the PostgreSQL support team at End Point a number of diverse situations tend to cross my desk. So imagine my excitement when I get an email containing a bit of log output that would normally make a DBA tremble in fear: LOG: server process (PID 10023) was terminated by signal 11 LOG: terminating any other active server processes FATAL: the database system is in recovery mode LOG: all server processes terminated; reinitializing Oops, signal 11 is SIGSEGV, Segmentation Fault. Really not supposed to happen, especially in day to day activities. That'll caus
Read more

How to Get Table Size, Database Size, Indexes Size, schema Size, Tablespace Size, column Size in PostgreSQL Database

In this post, I am sharing few important function for finding the size of database, table and index in PostgreSQL. Finding object size in postgresql database is very important and common. Is it very useful to know the exact size occupied by the object at the tablespace. The object size in the following scripts is in GB. The scripts have been formatted to work very easily with PUTTY SQL Editor. 1. Checking table size excluding table dependency: SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size('mhrordhu_shk.mut_kharedi_audit')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 238 MB (1 row) 2. Checking table size including table dependency: SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_total_relation_size('mhrordhu_shk.mut_kharedi_audit')); pg_size_pretty ---------------- 268 MB (1 row) 3. Finding individual postgresql database size SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_database_size('db_name')); 4. Finding individual table size for postgresql database -including dependency index: SELECT pg_size_pretty(pg_total_rel
Read more

How To Schedule PostgreSQL Jobs using pgAgent on Linux plateform

Image
Taking regular SQL database backup is one of the most important responsibilities of a database administrator. By setting up automatic database backup we can get rid of the additional overhead of doing it manually, every day, week or month. When it comes to PostgreSQL running in any Unix distributions or in Windows, there are at least two ways to do it. Using the built in CronJobs/ CronTabs in case of  Linux, and Windows scheduled tasks in Windows . Using PostgreSQL’s own scheduling agent,  pgAgent . Often DBAs tends to rely on CronTabs or Scheduled tasked because of the ease of use it offers. But there are several advantages if you use pgAgent instead. Though it takes a little effort to install pgAgent, it is much better than Cron jobs or Scheduled tasks. Why use pgAgent over CronJob: Compared to CronTab, PgAgent has the following advantages:  You can have multiple steps for a job without having to resort to a batch script. You can have multiple schedules for a job
Read more

PostgreSQL pgBadger

pgBadger is a PostgreSQL log analyzer built for speed with fully reports from your PostgreSQL log file. It's a single and small Perl script that outperforms any other PostgreSQL log analyzer. It is written in pure Perl and uses a JavaScript library (flotr2) to draw graphs so that you don't need to install any additional Perl modules or other packages. Furthermore, this library gives us more features such as zooming. pgBadger also uses the Bootstrap JavaScript library and the FontAwesome webfont for better design. Everything is embedded. pgBadger is able to autodetect your log file format (syslog, stderr or csvlog). It is designed to parse huge log files as well as gzip compressed files. See a complete list of features below. Supported compressed format are gzip, bzip2 and xz. For the xz format you must have an xz version upper than 5.05 that supports the --robot option. All charts are zoomable and can be saved as PNG images. You can also limit pgBadger to only report err
Read more