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errors in oracle begin backup mode ORA-01123:,ORA-01109:

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SQL> alter database begin backup;
alter database begin backup
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01123: cannot start online backup; media recovery not enabled

solution:-
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ WRITE

SQL> alter database close;

Database altered.

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED

SQL> archive log list
Database log mode              No Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Disabled
Archive destination            /oraeng/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence     57
Current log sequence           58
SQL> alter database archivelog;

Database altered.

SQL> alter database begin backup;
alter database begin backup
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01109: database not open

solution:-
SQL> startup pfile=startup pfile='/home/oracle/kiruba/admin/pfile/initkiruba.ora' force;

SQL> startup pfile='/home/oracle/kiruba/admin/pfile/initkiruba.ora' force;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  941600768 bytes
Fixed Size                  1340440 bytes
Variable Size             549456872 bytes
Database Buffers          385875968 bytes
Redo Buffers                4927488 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> alter database begin backup;

Database altered.

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